The confederation of Canada happened in Charlottetown. In 1864, 23 representatives from the five eastern provinces excluding Newfoundland and Labrador met here to discuss forming a federal union.

A competition began in the 1950s to build the Confederation Centre of the Arts and over 40 submissions were entered. In 1964, Queen Elizabeth II traveled to Charlottetown to celebrate 100 years of Canadian confederation and opened the centre. Today, it is a shared space between an art museum, a theater, a library, and a replica of the confederation chamber.