Generally, the fortifications of Quebec include multiple elements of the city’s defences. The Citadelle of Quebec, Saint-Louis Fort, Royal Battery, and artillery pieces placed strategically on the city’s walls are all part of its fortifications. The fortifications are now a designated National Historic Site with an interpretive centre at Artillery Park and the Dauphine Redoubt.
Construction on the Dauphine Redoubt started in 1712, making it one of the oldest military structures in Canada. It was occupied by the military until the 1960s, which explains why some of the furniture looks more contemporary than its exterior.
The interpretive centre inside the arsenal foundry has helpful maps to show how the fortifications were built up over time and why Quebec remains the only walled city in North America. In the late 19th century, the 4.6-kilometre wall was scheduled to be demolished by the government to allow for growth of the city. However, Lord Dufferin, then Governor General of Canada, advocated for its protection and the construction of city gates. The fortifications are now a major source of tourism income for the city.
Other buildings in Artillery Park include the gun carriage warehouse where artillery pieces are stored and the officers’ quarters that can only be viewed with a guided tour. A long flight of stairs leads visitors up to the top of the walls for breathtaking views of the old town below. It really looks like a miniature!
